Week 15 closing discussion

1.6.5 conclusion: the extent of the 'extensions of man'

1.aesthetic object
from material to abtract idea
ideological shift
Fountain-Marcel Duchamp
discursive field

2. new aesthetic object
interactive art
vidioart
1900s- on line newsgroups and emails
2000s- digital media dased , interactive-HCI, graphic, vision, networking, immateriality-VR,AR,MR, out of orginality
suboversive paradigm of fire art: artwork without artist

3.appleid media artwork
art+com

I think each person's value is various and different and evetything has value.
value going to be change again and again.
aesthetic is very interesting feild.
It is informed for us to change media and idea classfied period.

Week 14 new media: determining or determined? 2

1.6.4 the many virtues of Sant McLuhan


1. The extension thesis: technology is an ‘extension of man’
It is clearly based in the nature of human body.
The core of the idea is that instruments extend the functions of the labouring body.

2. The environmental thesis: ‘the new media are not bridges between man and nature: they are nature’
Ex: The workman’s tool is the continuation of his arms, the tool-equipment of humanity is therefore a continuation of its body.

3. The anti-content thesis: ‘Societies have always been shaped more by the nature of the media by which men communicate than by content of the communication

“THE MEDIUM IS THE MESSAGE”
: Societies have always been shaped more by nature of the media by which men communicate than by content of communication.

I agree with Mucluhan's idea.
When We recognize changed media We think different idea from original to changed media.
So media has thier message.

Week 14 new media: determining or determined? 2

1.6.2 mapping Marshall McLuhan and Williams
1.6.3 Williams and the social shaping of technology

A narrative of redemption
-Primitive culture
-Literate culture
1.words 2.drawing,figures, pictures
-Mechanical printing
-Electric media

: McLuhan's view of media as technological extensions

Remediation
-story telling came out
context is changed by different view of thinking

The medium is the message
- any medium is another medium which pick up and work out

Human agency versus technological determination
- you specialized in specific part
- go back to primitive
ex) emoticon
- cycling take a step forward

popularization is transferred.
Because people admitted comment and opinion view from many different point.
Between Marshall McLuhan and Williams have different idea.
Marshall McLuhan said a society is changed by people.
Williams said people is changed by a society.
I think that is not important and really important thing is our living is changing and we are suited to new thing and using it efficiently.

Week 13 new media: determining or determined? 1

1.6.1 the status of McLuhan and Williams

New media: determining or determined?

Very different theorists of media
- Marshall McLuhan & Raymond Williams

The Different between McLuhan and Williams
- McLuhan : new media change everything.
- Williams : media can only take effect through already present social processes and sustain
existing power relations.

The status of McLuhan and Williams
Marshall McLuhan’s major works.
- “The medium is the message” clothes is an extension of skin, a wheel is an extension of foot, a book is an extension of eyes, electricity is an extension of the central nerve.
- “global village”
Raymond Williams’s major works.
-the research direction to popular culture like movies and television.
-Countless detailed studies of all kinds of media are guided and informed by his careful and penetrating outlines for a theory of media as a form of cultural production.
-new media as subject to control and direction by human institutions, skill, creativity and intention, we are building upon such a williamsite emphasis.

Humanism
- lrecurring tendency in Western thought.

What is high art and low art??
Who is determined ?
I think it is popular between high and low art's difference.
popular culture is central.
for example movie is popular culture and marginal but it is studied by many people.
It has many theoris.
So movie is going to cental culture.

Week 13 new media: determining or determined? 1

1.5.5 the return of the Frankfurt school critique in the popularisation of new media & conclusion

Why the Frankfurt School?
- Produced first critical perspectives on mass media and popular
- Theories & methods - important aspect of the development of the study of popular culture

The ‘culture industry’, the end of democratic participation and critical distance the Frankfurt School?
- mass media & popular culture served to maintain existing social authority & manipulate mass audience into obedience trivialization, commercialization and centralization of culture and communications from For Frankfurt School point of view.
- Fascism and Stalinism which demonstrated the power of mass harnessed to totalitarianism.
trivializing the content of communication or political indoctrination which inculcate people with capitalism and standardize movie, music and so on, they were seen as threats to democracy and the informed critical participation of the masses in cultural and social life.

The Brechtian avant-garde and lost opportunities
-Bertolt Brecht
The Radio as an Apparatus of Communication
It is media for Brecht that not only the tools of technology but also the way of reconstruction which help understand social recognition.
-Walter Benjamin
Benjamin ideas mean much to modern society.
The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction is his masterpiece in 1926.
Benjamin roots his argument in noticing some of the distinctive characteristics of these media and he had optimistic estimations of new media

I explain Walter Benjamin‘s aspect of mass media between Frankfurt school and Benjamin discover an important different. Frankfurt school assumed a critical attitude toward mass culture on the other hand, Benjamin recognized in the affirmative.
the disavowal of the history of new media thus appears as an ideological sleight of hand that recruits us to their essential value but fails to help us understand what is happening around us.

Week 12 who was dissatisfied with old media?

1.5.3 the discursive construction of new media & conclusion

What is 'Discourse'?

Discourse is spoken or written communication between people, especially serious discussion of a particular subject.

-Post -structuralist
language does not merely describe a pre-given(there are come object. every object have one's name. we give the name) reality

Elavorated system of languege (conversations, theories, argements, descriptions)-----evolve---->Social projects

-A sense of tepetition in how media change
dejavu
critical point

-Determine the kind of media
handmade images and still photographic images from film and cinema
-> theatrical spectacles -> the appearance of panorama or diorama theater
-> technological visual culture -> problem : What is real?
There is antecedents int play in late 19th


Discourse is spoken or written communication between people, especially serious discussion of a particular subject.
We are influenced by visual culture.
This is object not conceptual but physical.
The thing is most people like become culture.
visual culture is changing fast.
for example, Wed 2.0 is discoursed.
Changing better than before, Wed 2.0 is new.
So many people is using and liking, It will become our culture.

Week 11 what kind of history? 2

1.4.4 a sense of deja vu & conclusion

New media have caused several media

-historians to record sense of Dejavu

-technophilia like, love technology

Existing body of media history

-literacy, printing, press, book, photography( coming of book the birth of photography)

-film and TV,music

ethnographic & historical research

Hegel : He made lecture and books

memory --> words --> visual --> book

Week 12 who was dissatisfied with old media?

1.5.1 the question
1.5.2 the technological imaginary

What is the problem to which new communication media are the solution?
-Will find discursive frameworkCelebrate as overcoming
-Negative limits, oppressive feature
-Dominant analogue media

Superiority of new media
-Retrospective projections
-Post-hoc rationalisations of change

Two sets of idea
-Technological Imaginary
-‘mass’ broadcast media

The imaginaire ----> Symbolic (word system , Have rule )
-Jacques Lacan-‘real’ & ‘symbolic’
-Not refer poetic mental faculty or the activity of fantasizing

Apply to technology
-Role of such an ‘other’
-Social reality and desires for a better society

TV
-Transmission of messages
-New possibilities
One-to-one
Two-way
-Similar kinds of contrast
Non-linear, hot-linked, hypertext…

Why we have to kill TV?
When TV came out in 1940.
Do you satisfied with TV?
No. I think TV attach too importance to entertainment.
So It doesn't have context.
TV prohibit us from thinking and criticizing.
Even if the media’s surface is looked very good but its inside is very bad.
We shaped our consciousness.

Week 11 what kind of history? 2

1.4.3 the return of the middle ages and other media archaeologies

The ludic : cinema and games
1900s-1920s : specticle panorama
1930s-1950s : Hollywood show narrative cinema.
21 cencury : pleasure that product and consume of media contents.

Hollywood movie story is based on novel, big money support-->Blockbuster

Rhetoric and spatiatised memory.

middle age Renaissance : Enlightenment by Sophist (they teach ability to think)
18-19 cencury : Humanist (It is changed from Soceity to Human)

I think our idea is the most important in our life.
Every person have their thinking.
It is different for each person to think and feel.
Humanist is good change.
And now, media is good product and consume and express our think.

Week 10 what kind of history? 1

1.4.2 new media and the modernist concept of progress

-Deffered future of new media
culprit is cultural resistence.
- The view of modernist aesthetic
medium has its own kind of essence
medium has to be genuinely new from the past old media
-Modernist view points
new media has to make a radical break with the past
-Picturialist, TV and Cinema
The Medium is the Massage ---Marshall McLuhan

Medium has own's message.
So people useeach medium differently.
Artist and engineer have different idea how to use medium.
Modernist and avant -garde hae different points of view.
We respect the tradition From Modernist point of view.
They are continuous with old media and tradition.
We resist the tradition From avant-garde point of view.
They exclude old media and tradition.

Week 10 what kind of history? 1

1.4.1 teleological accounts of new media

From photography to telematics:extracting some sense from teleogies

-historical scheme

-Pater welbel's 8 stage

Seeing the limits of new media teleologies

Foucault and genealogies of new media ->Foucault perspective

Teleology relate to photography. We believe photo directly because we believe photo is real world. But we can change photo nowadays. So we should not think photo must be true. Our thinking is change by our perspective. So our perspective is important to view our surrounding.

Week 9 change and continuity

1.3.1 introduction & 1.3.2 measuring newness

Old media---Digital television

New media--- immersive VR, online, interactive multimedia

The idea of 'remediation'

Today's topic is similar last time. connection is important to continue business and user. New media is based on old media. If it does we are easy of access.

We take part in Forum about Roger Palmer:Cultural (mis)understanding through photographs. He is artist, photograper.

Week 9 change and continuity

1.3.1 introduction & 1.3.2 measuring newness

polarised oer the degree of new media's newness
revolutionary->historical perspective
business as user

Measuring ' newness '
Which one is new or old?
we need to establish from what previous states thing have changed
revolution= innovation, more aggressive

Three possibilities
1. How can we know that new thing is made from?
2. Familiar thing , Lose our curiosity, Stop to ask question
3. Interactivity


I think newness develop creative from previous thing.
but newness need to combine old thing.
between old thing and new thing have similarities to continue.
new thing is too new and innovative to use.
because we spend a lot of time learning to use it.

Week 8 the characteristics of new media 3

1.2.6 which virtual reality?
1.2.7 cyberspace & 1.2.8 conclusion

Immersive VR

Onlinenetwork

A future scenario
-virtual actors of synthespians
-computing power and bandwidth
-technological imaginary

embodiment (ID=identity)

VR
-sensory (my exprience )
-connectivity (world network)

Week 8 the characteristics of new media 3

1.2.5 virtuality

-Virtual= Virtual Reality = VR
=Augmented(high up the feeling) Reality
=Mixed Reality

The immersive, interactive experiences provided by now, forms of image and simulation technology

ex) second life = buy house, clothes. using real money. online community, cyber space.
VR in computer technology.
VR in aviation technology.
VR in medical technology.

-problem of VR's future
unconsciousness.
interface is MAC.

1.experience
our part. we felt different by our experience.
2.space
physical distance is no problem anymore in computer screen.

Week 6 the characteristics of new media 2

1.2.4 dispersal

Dispersal is the product(It's not a real product) of shifts in out ralationships

Consumption
-Mass media and new media
Differentiated audience is no longer a mass audience
-the multiplicity(can be multiply, various use) of message (e-mail, gesture)and source(magazine,web,TV)
-Difference between centralised and dipersed media distribution systems
radio broadcast network, computer network

Production
-The traditional boundaries and definitions between different media processes are breaking down
-consumption meets production
prosumer marketing
prosumer= produce + comsumer

Week 6 the characteristics of new media 2

1.2.3 hypertext

hypertext=floating over technical word
hyper means extraordinary, signified.

Hypertext as non-sequentail writing.

Hypermediacy
ex) The memex (a portmanteau of "memory extender") is the name given by Vannevar Bush to the theoretical proto-hypertext computer system he proposed in his 1945 The Atlantic Monthly article "As We May Think". The memex has influenced the development of subsequential hypertext and intellect augmenting computer systems.
From Wikipedia

Hypertext as the practice of literaty theory
- comtemporaly literary -novel.
- what is the basic for cultural production(=hypertext)?
becuase of non- sequentail writing.
-principle of hypertextuality is key to understand new media.

Dadaism(they reject to traditional)---->Surrealism
Balzac - s/z

I was surprised by the concept of Vannevar Bush's Memex.
I was also impressed that he came up with these ideas in the 1940.
Dadaism is rejecting to traditonal.
balzac's novel, s/z say one meaning could be different in inside and outside.
I think breaking and opposing traditional things bring innovative ideas.

Week 5 the characteristics of new media 1

1.2.2 interactivity

some ideological dimensions of interactivity

A whole new world
- intstrumental view of interactivity
user's ability ---> not viewer, reader
instrumental definitions and ideological meaning
Hypertextual navigation
- construct for him or herself an individaulised text
- immursive navigation
two pradigms of interaction
extractive
immersive
- registrational interactivity
'write back into' text
input and writing book
- interactive communications
- interactivity creitical questions
problem of interpretation (when we read it we misunderstand )
problem of definition (fluidity of text, stability of text)
problem of producers( hacking)

We learn the meaning of 'interactivity'.
I often hear the word, 'interactivity'.
But I didn't know that meaning exactly and confuse the meaning of 'feedback'.
Feedback is a process has input and output. We expect to process by seeing output and looping within itself.
On the other hand, Interactivity has communication.
Interactivity is interactive communication
For example, 'Web TV' advertise differently according to comsumer's living.
then, It will react to level of comsumer effectively.
But It is ideological to person's valus.
Interactivity is changing than before.
If we take part in communication actively, our living is more fluid.

Week 5 the characteristics of new media 1

what are new media? 2
1.1.5 Distinguishing between kinds of new media

1. What is new media?
not simple, clear
2. Schema
textual experience
new kind of genre
new way of representing the world
immersive virtual environment
screen based on interactive multimedia (displayphone, internet)
new experience relationship between embodiment, identity and community ( msn)

How can we experience media?
we feel, think, touch , etc. there are many production.

3. Production
computer-mediated communication
new way of distributing and consuming media texts characterized by interactivity and hypertext formats ---> virtual reality

textuality <--- text= concept meaning new way of experience understanding connotation (abstract concept, metaphysical)

the characteristics of new media 1
1.2.1 digitality
what does 'Digital' mean?
Analogue & Digital

When you try showing a consecutive phenomenon digitally
-sampling
-quantization
-encoding

Analogue = light,sound,waves,etc (input date) ---------> Binary numeric form = Digital

Summary
digital technology
embrace all areas involved art
can modify
visual literacy
fluid,ever-changing universe that existe inside computer

we know the fact that when we lead our own sight, each has a different opionion.
What important thing is my own point of view like Kant's suggestion.
It can be connected with 'Visual Literacy'.
Because it has a flexibility.
For this reason, Although people play the same games, each person has a different level of immersiveness.
I think level of immersiveness is different for each person because of having been experienced differently
.So It is important to have subject between media and I.
Nowaday we have relpy culture. We express our idea freely and fast and communicate with internet user even I never know.

Week 4 what are new media? 2

1.1.4 non-technical and inclusive

Everything become New thing.
computer, internet, game, virtual reality, transport and so on.
New media is not limited narrow concept.
range of phenomena.

Digital media is based on technology.
Analogue <-------> Digital

pure medium : obeing social coustom, old thought, old idea and old media. the feudal system .
visionary image( people painted for showing their high class and wealth), physical
'inter' medium : breaking and opposing old things.
'New' medium : pure + inter media. opening horizon. sensible image(we think and feel, admire through painting)

Both pure and inter medium have very diffirent character each other.
But New medium include not only pure also inter medium.
Therefore New media is inclusive.
So we are difficult to define New media.
Today we learn New media again.
Same topic continue but I feel new every class.

We learn semiology.
denotation-- SIGNIFIER ( letter, sound, sign, the surface, the exterior)
connotation-- SIGNIFIED (abstract concept, metaphysical)

Every scholarship have science system.
Semiology connect name with object for using conveniently.
It is distracted because It is at pleasure by people.
So many language are maden by each culture.
Meaning is same but naming is different.
One object's signifier is various.signifier shows the surface, exterior.
Signifier and denotation is similar.
On the other hand, signified and connotation include abstract concept.
So Pure media looks like denotation.
New media looks like connotation.
We communicate with each other everyday.
When we talk with someone, we express our thinking and feeling by using our language and face expression.
If people speak only their language another person doesn't understand, we can't communicate.
So we need to comply with the rules of language.
So I think It is important to use well-formed signifier.
And We develop our idea creative by new thing.
So each person's thought and feeling is different.
They express their idea by using signifier, but the meaning change abstract.
It has interior meaning. This is signified.
Compling with the rule and visionary image like pure media is as important as breaking and opposing old things so developing creative thing like inter media.So combinating pure media and inter media is New media.
I think New media play an important role in our communication life.

Week 3 what are new media? 1

1.1.3 the ideological connotations of the new

New
New=Better
A cluster of glamorous(attractive, everybody want ) and exciting meaning
The cutting edge(brand new)
Avant - gardes (ex.Marcel Duchamp)
Forward - thinking people(innovator, thinking diffirently)
From a mordernist belief
Increased productively(developing technology makes our living comfortable and our lifestyle change), education horizons(unknown world)
Open up ne creative, communication
A range of development 'New'
Part od a powerful ideological movement (people think diffirent in same space, situation. It makes culture and setted idea keeps change )
New Media & ICT (Information Communication Technology)
Globalizing neo-liberal form( globalizing are made by computer internet quickly but we use English language)

What does 'New' mean??

I think New is very innovational word.
When I heared 'new' I felt fresh and challenging and It made me expect to better before.
New technology are make our living develop.
We want to be more confortable and convenient.
New thing make our ideas positive and progress.
So New thing make more creative thing than original.

Why do we learn art?

It is like our first class lecture.
Learning art grow up our sensitivity.
Our feeling and thinking is bigger and bigger.
As a result, We express our feeling and thinking in many way.
That make creative and different thing before never seen.

We saw a video, Da Vinci Project.
Subject is art education change in 21 century.
It emphasize the art education.
We think Art is not more important than math, science and so on.
But we must develope not only reasonable thing but also emotional thing.
Then, our every sense develope fairly.
Art education's important has started already in Paris and Germany.
Leonardo davinci was not only scientist but also artist.
We could learn from him.
So mordern art combine art and technology like Renaissance.
They are very different part but their meeting contribute to make new and creative thing.

Week 3 what are new media? 1

1.1.1 the media as an institution & 1.1.2 the intensity of change

what are new media?
-Medium ---> Media
-Media that by which something is expressed and connected. (ex. eggwhite)
Media seems like bright future and has various

the media as an institution
-Communication Media( newspaper, TV, internet, book etc) = Mass Media
-Institution an organization
-Cultural and material product of the institution
-New technological possiblitities an established Media forms

the intensity of change
-1950 : independent all country expect for Europe
-1960 : the Union of Soviet <---> Democracy
Many people died because of divides two world and war
so came out humanism
-Shift from mordernity to post- mordernity :
decentering of established and centralised geo-political orders
(Feminism,
pay attention to another culture get out of western-male culture,
seek to find something new and strange get out of something boring)
-Globalization
-Post- industrial information age :
Today information have great value although It is not physical
-New technoculture :
computer+ culture


Media have many modifier such as Mass, Digital, Multi, New and so on.
So I think New Media is difficult to define accurately.
New media that I learn today broke the Media's history(old media).
As computer has been improving , Media have changed rapidly.
So we got various informations from Media through computer.
This technology mixed with old media and it forms New media.

Media provide us something convienent and there are various kinds of Media(newspaper, TV, internet, book etc) near us.
We must need them in information age.
So Media's power is bigger and bigger.
Besides Media is interesting Because It is not fixed but changable.

Week 2 Theoretical Background 1: Traditional Thoughts on Art

Art and philosophy used to think difficult things. And I still feel so.
Today I have originally learned about changing processing of philosophy related to art.
Culture wasn't built in a day. This is made day by day.
Culture include many things, cloth, trand, lifestyle, art and so on.

Why is Art important?
Art express our emotion through music, painting, dance and so on.
That may make more creative ideas by only one's own feeling.
That has value to art.
So I think art is essential and necessary to feel happy and pleasant in our life.

For that reason, We study way to understanding the art.

Hume's philosophy = We feel external. We make decision which based on knowledge by oneself with our own perception. It is the most important thing to become center of ourselves.
Kant's philosophy = beauty is based on feeling. Because we can't give a description
everything.

Week 1 introduction of the class

I saw 'the glove'.
It was an embarrassing short movie.
But It include many things that could be thought.
Main actor told that maybe the glove came from hell.
But he made the glove got power by combining with computer.
The glove which got power killed Tim?? who gave the glove power and main actor was in danger.
The technolohy should be developed as long as human's life is not ruined.
I think that the short media could expect that machine(=glove) which people believe as a toy would conquer human.

kkk.I made my blog .

I am nervous about learning by English.

But I am looking forward to studying the lecture.

kkk